英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法 | 虛擬語(yǔ)氣
本文章由春喜在線英語(yǔ)于2017.09.16日編輯發(fā)布
虛擬語(yǔ)氣：虛擬語(yǔ)氣用來(lái)表達(dá)不可能或難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，與事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，通常分為基本的三種形式。
1. 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬： If + did / were + ……, …… would should could + do (動(dòng)詞原形) might If I were you, I would go abroad at once. (I am not you.) If he knew it now, he could help me. (He doesn't know it now.) 2. 與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬： If + had done + ……, …… would (might) have done …… If I had known your telephone number yesterday, I would have phoned you. (I didn't know your telephone number.) If you had come here a littleearlier just now, you might have met her. (You didn't come here earlier.) 3. 與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的虛擬： (1) If + should + v, …… would + v. (可能性很小)(譯作“萬(wàn)一”) If it should rain tomorrow, you could stay at home. If I should fail, what should Ido? (2) If + did / were to + v ……, would + v. (完全不可能) If the sun were to rise in the west, I would lend you the money. If you finished it in 3 minutes, I would give you my car. 4. 金牌特殊重點(diǎn)：！ [簡(jiǎn)單聯(lián)想記憶](méi)： ● 下列動(dòng)詞后的“賓語(yǔ)從句”中需要用虛擬形式，即should + 動(dòng)詞原形，shoud在美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中要省略(TOEFL語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn))。此類常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞有 ：order, ask, decide, demand, require, recommend, suggest(建議)insist(堅(jiān)決要求)，advise, etc. 例句：He suggested that we (should) help them with English. The teacher ordered that the homework (should) be finished within half an hour. ● 下列名詞后的同位語(yǔ)從句中要用“should + 動(dòng)詞原形”(should可省去)的虛擬。 suggestion, order, request, demand, importance, proposal. He made a suggestion that we (should) have a fancy dress party. I think it is a thing of importance that it (should) be done soon. ● It is / was important / necessary / natural / essential / advisable / strange / surprising, ect. + that +主語(yǔ)+ should + v. It is strange that you should say such a thing. It was important that you should tell me all the information. ● wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句中，as if 后的狀語(yǔ)從句中，須用下列的虛擬形式： 主 + wish+ (that) + 主 + did / were(指現(xiàn)在) haddone(指過(guò)去) would+ v.(指將來(lái)) Iwishthat I met my uncle now. IwishI had met my uncle yesterday. IwishI could meet my uncle tomorrow. ● It is (high) time that …… + did / were …… It is time that you went to bed. ● would rather that …… + did / were …… I would rather that you were not here now. ● would sooner that …… + did / were …… I would sooner that you got up earlier. I would sooner that you were not my brother.